[73][74] After the war ended, Congress investigated Harrison's resignation and determined that Armstrong had mistreated him during his military campaign and that his resignation was justified. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. A rope was brought, and attached to the carriage, by which the people drew it to the Marshall House. Doctors were called in, but their medical practices were crude: heated suction cups to supposedly draw out the disease, and the same bleeding tactics that had killed George Washington. In 1799, he was elected as the territory's non-voting delegate in the United States House of Representatives. He reported to the Secretary of State that the country was on the edge of anarchy, and that Simn Bolvar was about to become a military dictator. [106], Harrison promised to re-establish the Bank of the United States and extend its capacity for credit by issuing paper currency in Henry Clay's American system.
INAUGURAL ADDRESS - The Joint Congressional Could words have killed our ninth president? [105] He promised to use patronage to create a qualified staff, not to enhance his own standing in government, and under no circumstance would he run for a second term. She was less-than-happy about the prospect. [43], In 1805, Harrison built a plantation-style home near Vincennes that he named Grouseland, in tribute to the birds on the property. [32][41], Harrison began his duties on January 10, 1801, at Vincennes, the capital of the Indiana Territory. [76] President Madison appointed Harrison in June 1815 to help in negotiating a second treaty with the Indians that became known as the Treaty of Springwells, in which the tribes ceded a large tract of land in the west, providing additional land for American purchase and settlement. In 1803, he had lobbied Congress to temporarily suspend for ten years Article VI of the Northwest Ordinance prohibiting slavery in the Indiana Territory. 01/17/2012 Book Details The president who served the shortest termjust a single monthbut whose victorious election campaign rewrote the rules for candidates seeking America's highest office William Henry Harrison died just thirty-one days after taking the oath of office in 1841. In 1829 newly inaugurated President Andrew Jackson replaced Harrison, who had sided with Jacksons political enemy Henry Clay, with a minister of his choice. President Thomas Jefferson reappointed Harrison as governor of the Indiana Territory in 1801 and in 1804 added most of the Louisiana Purchase to the territory for one year. Resisting the expansionism fostered by the treaties negotiated by Harrison, the Shawnee intertribal leader Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa, who was known as the Prophet, organized an Indian uprising. His critics called him His Accidency. Harrisons body lay in state for two days in the East Room of the White House. Harrison died on April 4, 1841, making him the first U.S. president to die in office, and was buried in the William Henry Harrison tomb in North Bend, Ohio. The Whigs boasted of Harrison's military record and his reputation as the hero of the Battle of Tippecanoe. [2] His father also served in the Virginia legislature and as the fifth governor of Virginia (17811784) in the years during and after the American Revolutionary War. [124] Jane McHugh and Philip A. Mackowiak did an analysis in Clinical Infectious Diseases (2014), examining Miller's notes and records showing that the White House water supply was downstream of public sewage, and they concluded that he likely died of septic shock due to "enteric fever" (typhoid or paratyphoid fever).[125][126]. Troops led by William Henry Harrison defeat Native Americans led by the Shawnee chief Tecumseh at the Battle of Tippecanoe near the Tippecanoe River in Indiana. With his homespun image in mind, he left his silk hat at home and wore his farmers clothes. Instead, in May 1800, Adams appointed Harrison governor of the newly created Indiana Territory, which comprised, until 1809, a much larger area than the present state of Indiana. [35] He ran in the 1822 election for the United States House of Representatives, but lost to James W.
The Inaugural Address - White House Historical Association I ask nothing more.. [11], On August 16, 1791, within 24 hours of meeting Lee, Harrison, age 18, was commissioned as an ensign in the Army and assigned to the First American Regiment. He attempted to secure the post as Secretary of War under President Monroe in 1817 but lost out to John C. Calhoun. It continues See full answer below. [88], Burr closes his account of Harrison by describing an event, denied by some of his friendsa reception given the general at Philadelphia, in 1836. In May 1834, Harrison was appointed clerk of courts of the Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas in Cincinnati, a lowly position for a man of his political ambitions. A group arrived in his office on March 16 to demand the removal of all Democrats from any appointed office, and Harrison proclaimed, "So help me God, I will resign my office before I can be guilty of such an iniquity! Upon him you had conferred your suffrages for the first office in your gift, and had selected him as your chosen instrument to correct and reform all such errors and abuses as had manifested themselves from time to time in the practical operation of the Government. He disputed that the Indian leaders who signed the Treaty of Greenville had the authority to sell lands he believed were held in common by all tribes.
Longest Inauguration Speech: William Henry Harrison [57] Harrison received word of the resistance through spies he had placed within the tribes, and asked Madison to fund military preparations. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [55] In Indiana, the planting of the anti-slavery church led to citizens signing a petition and organizing politically to defeat Harrison's efforts to legalize slavery in the territory.[55]. In November 1791, at age 18, he enlisted in the army as an ensign in the 10th Regiment at Fort Washington near Cincinnati (in what is now Ohio). https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Henry-Harrison, Ohio History Central - Biography of William H. Harrison, GlobalSecurity.org - William Henry Harrison (March -April 1841), Encyclopedia Virginia - William Henry Harrison (17731841), The White House - Biography of William Henry Harrison, William Henry Harrison - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), William Henry Harrison - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), presidency of the United States of America (1841-1841), Harrison, William Henry; Berkeley Plantation, Harrison, William Henry; Tippecanoe, Battle of. The dispute was the catalyst of a disagreement between Harrison and the Department of War, which continued into the War of 1812. Some single women wore sashes reading, whig Husbands or None. One supporter in Springfield, Illinois, was Mary Todd, who was being courted by a local Whig lawmaker, Abraham Lincoln, who campaigned for Harrison. Harrison grew up at Berkeley, a tobacco plantation owned by his family and farmed by enslaved African Americans. [107], Following the speech, he rode through the streets in the inaugural parade,[103] stood in a three-hour receiving line at the White House, and attended three inaugural balls that evening,[108] including one at Carusi's Saloon entitled the "Tippecanoe" ball with 1,000 guests who had paid $10 per person (equal to $312 in 2021). [113] Another anecdote of the time recounted that the halls were so full one afternoon that in order to get from one room to the next, Harrison had to be helped out a window, walked the length of the White House exterior, and then helped in through another window. Henry Clay was favored, but Harrison had supporters at the convention. But Harrison, who had mounting debts, kept seeking higher-paying federal jobs. This followed closely with Harrison's Whig political ideology. [10] With the influence of his father's friend, Governor Henry Lee III, he embarked upon a military career. [43] The Territory's general assembly convened in 1810, and its anti-slavery faction immediately repealed the indenturing laws previously enacted. 100 Charlottesville, VA 22903 (434) 924-3296. Andrew Jackson took office in March 1829, and recalled Harrison in order to make his own appointment to the position. [151] Numerous counties and towns also bear his name.
William Henry Harrison invented the inaugural parade On March 4, 1841, he gave a record-breaking inaugural speechan hour and Expand.
Americas Shortest-Serving President [60] After the meeting, Tecumseh journeyed to meet with many of the tribes in the region, hoping to create a confederation to battle the United States. Sworn into office as president of the U.S. Congress awarded Harrison a gold medal for his services during the war. On April 4, 1841, having only served 31 days in office, President William Henry Harrison died. [119] According to papers in Washington on Friday, Harrison had rallied, despite a Baltimore Sun report that his condition was of a "more dangerous character". Harrisons slogan, Tippecanoe and Tyler Too, referring to his running mate, former U.S. senator from Virginia John Tyler, became one of the most famous campaign slogans. [70], The Americans suffered a defeat in the siege of Detroit.
William Henry Harrison (17731841) - Encyclopedia Virginia John Tyler (April 9, 1841), Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Charles Balthazar Julien Fvret de Saint-Mmin, William Henry Harrison 1840 presidential campaign, William Henry Harrison Tomb State Memorial, List of memorials to William Henry Harrison, List of presidents of the United States by previous experience, List of presidents of the United States who died in office, Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps, "William Henry Harrison: Life Before the Presidency", "Warren Harding and 5 other presidents who have faced 'love child' questions", "William Henry Harrison, 9th Pres. [5], The press did not cover the battle at first, until one Ohio paper misinterpreted Harrison's first dispatch to mean that he was defeated. He then received reinforcements in 1813, took the offensive, and led the army north to battle. [12] His close friend Timothy Pickering was serving as Secretary of State, and along with Judge Symmes' influence, he was recommended to replace Winthrop Sargent, the outgoing territorial secretary. [5] Tecumseh informed Harrison that he had threatened to kill the chiefs who signed the treaty if they carried out its terms and that his confederation of tribes was growing rapidly. It was Harrisons ambition to become governor of the reconstituted, more-populous eastern portion of the territory. [46] The territorial capital was eventually moved to Corydon in 1813, and Harrison built a second home at nearby Harrison Valley. William Henry Harrison was inaugurated as the ninth president of the United States on March 4, 1841, but died thirty-one days later, making him the shortest-serving U.S. president.
William Harrison When he was fourteen, he was sent to Hampden-Sydney College, where he was educated in the classics. [70] Harrison was succeeded by John Gibson as acting governor of the territory. [5] Tecumseh was traveling in 1811, leaving Tenskwatawa in charge of Indian forces. Harrison negotiated the 1809 Treaty of Fort Wayne under which the United States acquired about 2.5 million acres of land from the Delaware, Shawnee, Potawatomi, Miami, Kickapoo, and Eel River tribes. William Henry Harrison, (born February 9, 1773, Charles City county, Virginia [U.S.]died April 4, 1841, Washington, D.C., U.S.), ninth president of the United States (1841), whose Indian campaigns, while he was a territorial governor and army officer, thrust him into the national limelight and led to his election in 1840. [12] He was initially assigned to Fort Washington, Cincinnati in the Northwest Territory where the army was engaged in the ongoing Northwest Indian War. [143] Harrison, age 68 at the time of his inauguration, was the oldest person to assume the U.S. presidency, a distinction he held until 1981, when Ronald Reagan was inaugurated at age 69. [5] Biographer James Hall claims that Harrison found in Columbia a military despotism and that "his liberal opinions, his stern republican integrity, and the plain simplicity of his dress and manners, contrasted too strongly with the arbitrary opinions and ostentatious behaviour of the public officers, to allow him to be long a favourite with those who had usurped the power of that government. Many of them began to pull their weapons, representing a substantial threat to Harrison and the town, which held a population of only 1,000. [32] Freeholders were permitted to buy smaller lots with a down payment of only five percent, and this became an important factor in the Territory's rapid population growth. [3] His father was a Virginia planter, who served as a delegate to the Continental Congress (17741777) and who signed the Declaration of Independence. [59] Harrison said that the individual tribes were the owners of the land and could sell it as they wished. But researchers in 2014 proposed a different reason. William Henry Harrison becomes the commander of Fort Washington.
William Henry Harrison Inaugural Speech Analysis Clair. This was 3,000 words more than Taft 's which [5], When Harrison was reappointed as the Indiana territorial governor on February 8, 1803, he was given expanded authority to negotiate and conclude treaties with the Indians. Nevertheless, the couple married and bought a log cabin and a large piece of property from Symmes on the north bend of the Ohio River about thirteen miles west of Cincinnati. With his offensive operations having been thus checked, Harrison accomplished nothing that summer except to hold in check Procter, who besieged him at Fort Meigs (May 15), the American advance post after the disaster at the River Raisin. [105] The address began with Harrison's sincere regard for the trust being placed in him: However strong may be my present purpose to realize the expectations of a magnanimous and confiding people, I too well understand the dangerous temptations to which I shall be exposed from the magnitude of the power which it has been the pleasure of the people to commit to my hands not to place my chief confidence upon the aid of that Almighty Power which has hitherto protected me and enabled me to bring to favorable issues other important but still greatly inferior trusts heretofore confided to me by my country. After taking the presidential oath of office on the balcony of Federal Hall in New York City, he gave a speech inside the Senate [119] The doctor then gave him castor oil and medicines to induce vomiting, and diagnosed him with pneumonia in the right lung. On December 4, 1839, the Whigs opened their first convention in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, to choose a nominee for the 1840 presidential race. [119] A Washington paper reported on Thursday, April 1, that Harrison's health was decidedly better. In the end, Harrison came in second, and carried nine of the twenty-six states in the Union. Harrison defeated Van Buren in the 1840 presidential election. Mary Steger of Richmond wrote excitedly to a friend about the events at the local Log Cabin Whig headquarters and said, I never took so much interest in politics in my life. Democrats derided these women as shameless and reminded them that their husbands represented them in politics, but Whigs argued that womens presence could purify the public sphere. Harrison grew up among the elite of Virginia. After his father dies, William Henry Harrison leaves medical school at what is now the University of Pennsylvania and joins the army. They were dressed in war paint, and their sudden appearance at first frightened the soldiers at Vincennes. [22] The match was advantageous for Harrison, as he eventually exploited his father-in-law's connections with land speculators, which facilitated his departure from the army. He was promoted to major general in the Army during the War of 1812, and led American infantry and cavalry to victory at the Battle of the Thames in Upper Canada. He then studied medicine in Richmond, Virginia, and in Philadelphia with Benjamin Rush. Behind the casket trotted the riderless Whitey, the symbol of a fallen hero. An invitation-only funeral service was also held on April 7 in the East Room of the White House, after which Harrison's coffin was brought to Congressional Cemetery in Washington, D.C., where it was placed in the Public Vault. Some Indians disputed the authority of the tribes joining in the treaty. Delegates to the Whig Party convention in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, nominate William Henry Harrison as the 1840 presidential candidate, and former Virginia senator John Tyler as the vice presidential candidate.