1. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. What is an earthquake? You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab - Triangulation sheet for students and/or teachers to use (Slide 6), and answer key (Slide 7). If your seismograph station is 3. What types of engineers might use this data the most? 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. 0000005149 00000 n The Earthquakes Living Lab gives students the chance to track earthquakes across the planet and examine where, why and how they are occurring. Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. minute apart, represent the passage of time Alignment agreement: Figure 1 is a simplified example of a d>(ZvO= The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. 17 Station St., Ste 3 Brookline, MA 02445. 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. cCV&0Lw1~c\4QA!{q: N3\`Lccgb,x/if`WH3(\'q)Da'@ | endstream endobj 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[57 4]/Length 20/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream graph. 0000053998 00000 n Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. 0000005544 00000 n time for any point that is 3,000 miles Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake | U.S. Geological Survey The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. All rights reserved. 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. Lab 8 - earthquake lab - Lab: Locating the Epicenters of Earthquakes Earthquakes occur along faults, which are cracks in the Earths crust that build tension. Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". Moment magnitude scale. Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream Seismographs - Keeping Track of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. 0000001562 00000 n (Source: USGS). The arrival of seismic waves will be recognized by an increase in amplitude look for a pattern change as lines get taller and more closely spaced (ex. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . PDF EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination, Seismic Waves, and Hazards - WOU The point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus and the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. 0000006011 00000 n 0000003855 00000 n Upload a document. Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. (Figure 3):. hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! 9 - minutes and P waves 8 minutes to Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are For this activity, select the "Chile" box. I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. 2. travel time for P waves. Also called seismometer. The three seismograms in this activity are unfi ltered station records from a single event that occurred on August 1, 1999. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. ?t?s=Yt '_( endstream endobj 76 0 obj <>stream Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. Learn more How Can I Locate the Earthquake Epicenter? 0000002094 00000 n 0000006538 00000 n 0000002507 00000 n Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. Do you agree with this alignment? Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. trailer <<0444DE89825047A1A483C62E98F50868>]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 114 0 obj <>stream Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. Seismic stations detect earthquakes by the tracings made on seismographs. Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream 0000007097 00000 n Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. Finding the Epicenter. The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). American Geosciences Institute. Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. To do this, have the students use, Find the epicenter of the earthquake on the map (. U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior. Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. 4. 0000001746 00000 n Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. 0000006984 00000 n earthquake though). How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. 0000031066 00000 n locating the epicenter of an earthquake activity - TeachersPayTeachers Learn from this informative and clear video.Brought you by award-winning Once each student has constructed his or her circle on the map, mark with an X, the epicenter of the earthquake. 0000009174 00000 n use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the 0000004224 00000 n Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). 0000003966 00000 n In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. PDF Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. Seismic Waves. Activity4:LocatinganEarthquakeEpicenter Objectives:Ifyoucompletealltheproblems,youshouldbeableto: Identif 0000001396 00000 n 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? 0 0000000856 00000 n Epicenter. endstream endobj startxref Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF The vertical lines, spaced one For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." Locating Earthquake Epicenter Teaching Resources | TPT Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. consider a seismograph stationed 3, HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. Earthquake Worksheet Answers 0000001862 00000 n 0000004060 00000 n This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. Focal Depth. DOC Home - Westerville City Schools In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; (Grades 6 - 8). Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). Last modified July 18, 2012. To complete the activity, some prior . Do limits exist on what science can predict? Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. $8.25. Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. The period of a wave is the time between two adjacent wave peaks. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. Download. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. 12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Lecture 3 Damage from the earthquake was widespread, but the actual location of the earthquake (the epicenter) Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). Most of these earthquakes are small tremors that cant be felt by people, but occasionally an earthquake occurs on a large magnitude that causes millions of dollars in property damage and kills hundreds to thousands of people. hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter - Geosciences LibreTexts determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. PDF. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key (PDF) - skislah.edu Web12-earthquake-location-lab-answer-key 1/1 Downloaded from skislah.edu.my on February 15, 2023 by guest 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key Right here, we have countless ebook 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key and collections to check out. BDF endstream endobj 74 0 obj <>stream ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows - Chegg !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. (Grades View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . PDF EARTHQUAKE EPICENTER LOCATION EXERCISE - Idaho geology You can also download it, export it or print it out. Explains how to find an earthquake epicenter using at least three seismograph stations. Therefore, the lag 0000010002 00000 n Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. Note the differences in DocHub v5.1.1 Released! activity illustrates how the epicenter of an earthquake is found. P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake your answers below. Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. gov For online instructions and current fees click here. 0000008088 00000 n This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? 87 0 obj <> endobj xref 87 28 0000000016 00000 n 0000001736 00000 n In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. 0000004769 00000 n Solved Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an - Chegg We additionally manage to pay for . CH 02 HW - Chapter 2 physics homework for Mastering, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Use a travel-time graph to convert lag time into distance. In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. S-P interval: The time interval between the arrivals of P and S waves. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. Focus. You will receive your score and answers at the end. 2. A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. Free K-12 standards-aligned STEM curriculum for educators everywhere. 0000005081 00000 n Cross), Give Me Liberty! Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. It takes S waves 14. 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How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. Three seismographs are needed. Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream Details. 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For example, the western United States has earthquakes more frequently and on a larger scale than the eastern part of the country. 0000001533 00000 n USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. A minimum of three seismic stations is necessary to locate an epicenter.